Cataract surgery

Apollo Prime Eye Hospitals

What is Cataract Surgery?

Cataracts happen when the natural lens of the eye becomes cloudy. Cataract surgery is a safe and common procedure that helps restore clear vision. During the surgery, the cloudy lens is removed and replaced with a clear artificial lens called an intraocular lens (IOL). The procedure usually takes 15 to 30 minutes, is done with local anesthesia, and doesn’t require an overnight stay in the hospital. Most people see better quickly, with less glare and better overall vision. Recovery is usually fast, with little discomfort and very good results.

How Cataract develops?

  • Senile Cataract : Cataracts can develop with age
  • Traumatic Cataract : It can be due to injury to the eye
  • Congenital Cataract : A child can be born with cataracts
  • Radiation Cataract : X-ray & other radiation (UV light) can cause cataracts.
  • Exposure to sunlight, Diabetes, and Heredity are also factors for Cataract development.

Symptoms of Cataracts

  • Blurred or cloudy vision
  • Difficulty seeing at night
  • Double vision in one eye
  • Fading or yellowing of colors
  • Sensitivity to light and glare

How Cataract is treated ?

Surgery is the only way to remove the Cataract.

What are the surgical techniques?

Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery

Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery has significantly improved the precision and safety of cataract procedures. This technology uses ultra-short laser pulses to create precise incisions and fragment the cataract, reducing the need for manual surgical tools.

Benefits

  • Enhanced Precision: The laser’s accuracy minimizes the risk of human error.
  • Faster Recovery: Patients often experience quicker recovery times due to the minimally invasive nature of the procedure.
  • Reduced Complications: Fewer manual steps lead to lower chances of surgical complications.

Advanced Intraocular Lenses (IOLs)

Advanced Intraocular Lenses (IOLs) have revolutionized cataract surgery by offering patients improved vision outcomes. Multifocal IOLs provide clear vision at multiple distances, reducing the need for glasses. Toric IOLs correct astigmatism, enhancing overall visual clarity.

Key advancements in IOLs

  • Multifocal Lenses: These lenses allow patients to see clearly at near, intermediate, and far distances.
  • Toric Lenses: Designed to correct astigmatism, these lenses improve sharpness and reduce visual distortions.
  • Extended Depth of Focus (EDOF) Lenses: These lenses offer a continuous range of vision, minimizing the need for additional eyewear.

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Imaging

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Imaging plays a crucial role in cataract surgery. This advanced imaging technology provides detailed cross-sectional images of the eye, aiding in preoperative planning and intraoperative guidance. Surgeons use OCT to assess the eye’s anatomy, ensuring precise surgical interventions.

Benefits of OCT Imaging

  • Enhanced Preoperative Planning: Detailed imaging helps in accurate assessment and surgical planning.
  • Intraoperative Guidance: Real-time imaging during surgery improves precision and control.
  • Reduced Postoperative Issues: Accurate surgical execution minimizes complications and enhances recovery.

Phacoemulsification with Enhanced Fluidics

Phacoemulsification with enhanced fluidics has transformed cataract removal procedures. This technology uses ultrasonic vibrations to emulsify the cataract, allowing for its removal through a small incision. Enhanced fluidics systems improve the control of fluid dynamics during surgery, leading to safer and more efficient procedures.

Key improvements in phacoemulsification

  • Better Fluid Control: Enhanced fluidics systems maintain stable intraocular pressure, reducing the risk of complications.
  • Improved Surgical Control: Surgeons experience greater precision, leading to better outcomes.
  • Increased Efficiency: Faster cataract removal shortens surgery time and reduces patient discomfort.

Real-Time Intraoperative Aberrometry, also called ORA

Real-time intraoperative aberrometry, also known as ORA, has become a game-changer in cataract surgery. This technology measures the eye’s refractive power during surgery, allowing for precise intraocular lens (IOL) placement and power selection. Surgeons can make real-time adjustments, ensuring optimal visual outcomes.

Key benefits of intraoperative aberrometry, ORA

  • Accurate IOL Placement: Real-time data helps in positioning the IOL correctly.
  • Precise Power Selection: Surgeons can choose the most suitable IOL power based on live measurements.
  • Reduced Refractive Errors: Postoperative refractive errors are minimized, leading to better vision quality.
MICS icon

Micro-Incision Cataract Surgery (MICS)

Micro-Incision Cataract Surgery (MICS) is an advanced cataract removal technique that uses incisions smaller than 2 mm. This minimally invasive approach offers faster healing, reduced surgical trauma, and improved patient comfort. MICS allows for better control during lens removal and insertion, leading to precise outcomes and reduced recovery times.

Key Benefits of MICS

  • Faster Healing: Tiny incisions promote quicker recovery and less postoperative discomfort.
  • Enhanced Safety: Smaller openings reduce the risk of infection and inflammation.
  • Improved Visual Outcomes: Provides precise lens placement with minimal astigmatism induction.

FAQs

What are the latest advancements in cataract surgery technology?
Recent advancements include femtosecond laser-assisted surgery, which offers more precise incisions, and artificial intelligence-guided systems that enhance surgical planning and execution. Additionally, advanced imaging technologies like intraoperative Optical Coherence Tomography (iOCT) provide real-time visualization during the procedure.
How do modern intraocular lenses (IOLs) improve vision after cataract surgery?
Modern IOLs, such as multifocal and toric lenses, can correct various vision issues including astigmatism and presbyopia. Extended Depth of Focus (EDOF) lenses provide clear vision at multiple distances, while Light Adjustable Lenses allow for post-surgical adjustments to optimize visual outcomes.
What is the recovery process like after modern cataract surgery?
Most patients notice significant vision improvement within 24 hours after surgery. Full recovery typically takes about four weeks, with vision continuing to improve and stabilize during this time. Many patients can resume normal activities within 1-3 days, though complete healing may take 4-8 weeks.
How successful is modern cataract surgery?
Modern cataract surgery has a success rate exceeding 95%. With advanced techniques like laser-assisted surgery, patients are up to ten times more likely to achieve accurate corneal openings compared to traditional methods. Some premium lenses can double the chances of achieving 20/20 vision without glasses.
What factors should be considered when choosing cataract surgery options?
Important factors include current vision issues, lifestyle requirements, existing eye conditions, and personal preferences regarding glasses dependency.

Care Tips After Cataract Surgery

After cataract surgery, avoid rubbing your eye and wear the protective shield while sleeping. Use prescribed eye drops as directed to prevent infection and reduce inflammation. Avoid heavy lifting, swimming, and strenuous activities for a few weeks. Wear sunglasses outdoors to protect your eyes from sunlight and dust. Attend all follow-up visits for proper healing.